Học sinh theo học tại các trường quốc tế có nhiều điều kiện tiếp cận với phương pháp học tập tiên tiến - Ảnh: CTVTT - Đáp ứng nhu cầu cho con được tiếp cận với dịch vụ giáo dục chất lượng cao của nhiều phụ huynh, mô hình trường có tên gọi quốc tế phát triển nhanh trong thời gian gần đây. Tuy nhiên, không phải trường nào cũng có tiêu chuẩn “quốc tế” như tên gọi.
Nghe đọc nội dung toàn bài:
Chưa kết thúc năm học 2006-2007, anh Đ.H. (nhà ở đường Lê Văn Sĩ, Q.Tân Bình, TP.HCM) đã phải chạy đôn chạy đáo nhờ người quen hỏi han tìm trường khác cho đứa con gái đang học lớp 6 tại một trường mang tên quốc tế tại Q.3.
Anh than thở: “Năm ngoái, nghe quảng cáo rằng trường giảng dạy theo chương trình quốc tế, tiêu chuẩn quốc tế, tôi tin tưởng cho con theo học. Học phí cũng đâu có ít, gần 4 triệu đồng/tháng. Thế nhưng khi con vào học, tôi mới biết chương trình học cũng như chương trình ở trường bình thường có tăng cường thêm một số môn dạy bằng tiếng Anh”.
Học được cách tư duy sáng tạo
Trường THPT Lê Quý Đôn là trường quốc tế?
Thế nào là trường quốc tế thì vẫn chưa có một khái niệm rõ ràng. Theo khái niệm do Sở GD-ĐT TP.HCM đưa ra: “Trường quốc tế là trường được tổ chức dạy học với nội dung chương trình nước ngoài. Chương trình này được giảng dạy chính thức tại một quốc gia mang tên một cách có hệ thống và có văn bằng giá trị được nhiều nước trên thế giới công nhận”.
Nếu theo khái niệm này, số trường quốc tế thật sự đang hoạt động trên địa bàn TP.HCM không nhiều.
Nhưng có một số trường giảng dạy theo chương trình của Bộ GD-ĐT VN vẫn được Sở GD-ĐT TP.HCM coi là trường quốc tế. Trong đó, đáng lưu ý là Trường THPT Lê Quý Đôn cũng được Sở GD-ĐT gọi là trường quốc tế.
Đặt câu hỏi về loại hình trường, chúng tôi luôn nhận được lời khẳng định đó là trường quốc tế. Tuy nhiên, khi đối chiếu với danh sách trường quốc tế mà Sở GD-ĐT TP.HCM vừa đưa ra thì có ít nhất ba trường không có tên.
Theo sở này, TP.HCM hiện có 27 trường mang tên quốc tế đang hoạt động, giảng dạy ở các bậc học khác nhau từ mầm non, tiểu học đến trung học. Tổng số học sinh theo học loại trường này là 6.771 em. Trong đó, đông nhất là bậc trung học với 3.341 học sinh, bậc mầm non có 1.056 học sinh và ở bậc tiểu học là 2.374 học sinh.
Chị T.B.V., nhà ở Q.1, TP.HCM, tâm sự: “Dù đóng học phí hơi cao nhưng gia đình tôi cũng cố gắng đưa con vào học ở Trường quốc tế A. Tôi thấy học ở trường này con tôi được chăm sóc tốt hơn, không phải đi học thêm. Trước đây, ngày nào về nhà cháu cũng phải cắm cúi học bài mà vẫn không thuộc hết. Bây giờ cháu được học cách tư duy, học tập sáng tạo nên việc học đã nhẹ nhàng nhiều”.
Anh T.N.T. (nhà ở khu Thảo Điền, Q.2) còn nhận xét: “Lớp con tôi học có rất ít học sinh nên có chuyện gì cô giáo cũng dễ dàng biết được. Nhà trường luôn liên lạc với chúng tôi để thông báo tình hình học tập của cháu”.
Theo thống kê của Sở GD-ĐT TP.HCM, sĩ số bình quân tại các trường quốc tế là 17 học sinh/lớp. Với số lượng này, giáo viên có điều kiện giảng dạy và chăm sóc học sinh, dẫn đến chất lượng đào tạo tốt hơn.
Lãnh đạo sở cũng nhận định các trường quốc tế luôn cố gắng đáp ứng nhu cầu học tập của từng cá nhân và quan tâm đến kết quả thi cử. Phần lớn học sinh theo học các trường quốc tế có thái độ học tập tự tin hơn. Một kết quả bước đầu chứng minh cho sự thành công của loại hình trường này là trong năm học 2006-2007, đa số học sinh đều tốt nghiệp tú tài quốc tế. Nhiều học sinh được tuyển vào các trường ĐH trong khu vực châu Á, Anh, Mỹ, Úc, Canada...
Lợi dụng danh nghĩa “quốc tế”
Không thể áp dụng miễn cưỡng
Bà Nguyễn Thị Ngọ, chủ tịch hội đồng quản trị Trường quốc tế châu Á - Thái Bình Dương cho rằng:
"Giáo viên bản ngữ đang gặp rào cản là nhiều qui định và thủ tục đăng ký giấy phép làm việc tại VN quá rườm rà, phức tạp, làm họ nản lòng. Có những trường hợp giáo viên của chúng tôi làm thủ tục cả 7-8 tháng nhưng vẫn chưa xong”.
Ngoài ra, bà còn cho rằng do đặc trưng của trường quốc tế nên các môn học như tiếng Anh, giáo dục thể chất không thể áp dụng theo qui định của Bộ GD-ĐT một cách miễn cưỡng, lãng phí.
Tuy nhiên, trong số các trường mang tên quốc tế đang hoạt động, không phải trường nào cũng đưa mục đích giáo dục lên hàng đầu.
Ông Huỳnh Công Minh, giám đốc Sở GD-ĐT TP.HCM, cho rằng: “Một số trường quốc tế đã quảng cáo quá mức, không đúng sự thật gây hiểu lầm cho phụ huynh, học sinh. Chất lượng đào tạo của các trường cũng chưa đồng đều”.
Theo ông Minh, một số trường yếu kém đã lợi dụng danh nghĩa quốc tế để thu lợi. Những yếu kém của các trường quốc tế thường thể hiện ở ba khía cạnh chính.
Đó là: cơ sở vật chất chật hẹp, tạm bợ, thiếu ổn định; lực lượng sư phạm cả trong và ngoài nước vá víu, chất lượng giảng dạy kém; đặc biệt do chưa đủ am hiểu về giáo dục để điều hành trường nên điều hành nhà trường như một cơ sở kinh doanh.
Ông Trịnh Quốc Thái, vụ trưởng Vụ Giáo dục tiểu học Bộ GD-ĐT, cũng thừa nhận nhìn vào các bảng quảng cáo nhan nhản ngoài đường, ông không biết bao nhiêu phần trăm là sự thật.
Theo Sở GD-ĐT TP, các trường quốc tế đều thực hiện chương trình giảng dạy được sự cho phép của Bộ GD-ĐT và Sở GD-ĐT. Tuy nhiên, tính pháp lý về phương diện quốc tế của chương trình giảng dạy ở một số trường vẫn chưa có. Rất nhiều trường đăng ký áp dụng chương trình giảng dạy của bộ giáo dục các nước Anh, Mỹ, Úc... nhưng thực chất không phải trường nào cũng được thừa nhận.
Ông Đặng Thanh Châu, hiệu trưởng Trường quốc tế Việt - Úc, đặt vấn đề cần phải xem lại khâu thanh tra, đánh giá chương trình của các trường mang tiếng quốc tế. Theo ông, khi một trường quốc tế nào đăng ký giảng dạy theo chương trình của một quốc gia nào thì phải có đại diện, thanh tra giáo dục của quốc gia đó kiểm tra, đánh giá và công nhận.
Một cán bộ lãnh đạo cho biết nhiều trường mang tiếng là áp dụng chương trình của Úc, Mỹ... nhưng thực chất đó là sự sao chép kinh nghiệm của các giáo viên hay sao chép trên mạng rồi đưa vào giảng dạy.
Vấn đề học phí của các trường quốc tế cũng khiến nhiều phụ huynh phải đắn đo. Mỗi trường có mức thu khác nhau, dao động 2-10 triệu đồng/tháng
Thứ Ba, 4 tháng 9, 2007
Thứ Ba, 21 tháng 8, 2007
25 Things Every Mother Should Know: How you mother your baby does make a difference
Twenty-eight years ago I (Martha) became a mother for the first time. Even though I had "R.N." after my name I was pretty frightened. All those babies I'd played "Mommy" with in the hospital were other people's babies, not my own. I had to learn how to be a mother to my little Jimmy from scratch. It was intense and personal learning, and I have been privileged to experience it intensely and personally seven more times.
My husband, Bill, learned along with me all the things we discuss in this book for brand-new mothers. My voice, speaking mother-to-mother, will dominate the book, with Bill's interjected here and there to give his perspective as a father and pediatrician.
This is not a traditional baby-care book. You won't find anything in it about diaper rash, cord care, or how to give a bath. You can get that information from a lot of other sources. Instead, this book is a guide to mothering your baby, and it is as much about the process of becoming a mother as it is about babies. It will help you to get to know your baby better, and we hope that it will also help you understand yourself as you take on this new, motherly role.
We believe that babies have a lot to teach mothers. Listening to your baby and responding to his or her cues will lead you into a parenting style that will help both of you thrive. Biology and infant behavior will help you get started and build your confidence as you and your baby develop a two-way trusting relationship. But this is not an ideal world we live in, and there are forces you'll meet along the way that can make you doubt your mothering intuition. We hope that this book will prepare you for some of those bumps in the road, and will help you meet the challenges and changes ahead.
Mothering and fathering eight children has taught us a lot. We are very different persons from the ones we were before we had children, and most, if not all, of these differences are for the better. Although personal growth is sometimes hard, we've had a lot of fun along the way. Fun in your life with your baby is what will convince you and the baby that life is good. Enjoy your baby!
How you mother your baby does make a difference.
Mothering in the twentieth century has become a tricky business. We can take our babies' survival pretty much for granted, and in this way we differ from all the mothers who have come before us. Instead we worry about whether our babies will grow up to be happy and productive, a more complicated issue.
Nobody yet has scientifically tested and perfected a parenting system that guarantees children will turn out okay. Much of the research focuses on what goes wrong, rather than what goes right, and psychologists from Freud onward have often laid the blame on mothers. This creates a lot of anxiety, as mothers struggle to raise psychologically healthy children. Mothers often feel that the stakes are high on everything they do, and the possibility of making serious mistakes makes the job of parenting seem frightening.
In reaction to Freud, there's another school of thought that suggests that mothers aren't all that critical to their children's psyches. Children need dependable caregivers, yes, but these are more or less interchangeable, and group care not only is satisfactory, it also makes children independent at an earlier age. Babies do prefer their parents, but they really don't need all that one-on-one attention that goes along with traditional mothering. It's interesting that these theories have evolved at a time when more and more mothers of young children are in the workforce.
So where do you fit in? How important are you, a responsive, nurturing, trustworthy mother, to your baby's development? How do you know if you're making a difference?
In the parenting business, science often fails us. It's hard to study behavior that is as complicated as mother-and-infant interactions, much less relate these interactions to how children behave and feel years later. "Experts" speculate, spinning advice out of tiny threads of evidence, but who really knows?
I believe that experienced parents--parents of children who are turning out well---have the answers. Bill and I have talked to thousands of wise and seasoned mothers over the years, and while we don't pretend that this is a scientific sample, we do feel confident about relaying what we've learned from all these families. We believe that how you mother your children makes a difference in the kind of people they become.
The mothering advice that we have given in this book reflects a style that we call attachment parenting. For babies, attachment parenting includes closeness right from birth, responding sensitively to cries, baby wearing, sharing sleep, and breastfeeding. The involvement of the father, both directly with the baby and in support of the mother, is also important. These practices together make up a very nurturing style of baby care, one that yields a wonderful sensitivity between mother and child. The mother understands what the baby is thinking, most of the time, and the baby responds well to the mother's care. Babies who experience attachment parenting rarely need to cry to get their needs met (though they may cry plenty when something hurts or bothers them), because they can communicate in other, more subtle ways. Mothers who nurture in this style feel confident that they are doing the right things for their children, because they feel they can perceive their babies' needs, and because their babies are happiest when they are most responsive. Even high-need babies can be mellowed by this style of parenting into children who are fun to be with.
There are long-range benefits to attachment parenting. As a baby cared for this way turns into a toddler, he is easy to manage. His mother has a pretty good idea of what he is trying to do or say, so the young explorer is less likely to get terribly frustrated. Since he trusts his mother and wants very much to stay in her good graces, a word of warning or some creative redirection from her is often all that's needed to head off problem behavior.
As children of attached parents grow older, the benefits continue. These kids internalize their parents' sensitivity toward them. They have an inner sense of what is right and are bothered when situations violate their values. They know themselves well and can remain true to their own character in the midst of a crowd going in another direction. They are compassionate and understanding with other people. Having learned intimacy from their early closeness with their parents, they go on to establish and maintain healthy relationships with other people. They bring their parents joy and pride.
So, are you important to your baby? Yes, you are. You as his mother know him best and are the person he trusts most and will look to for guidance in the months and years to come. You are his window to the world and his faithful interpreter of what is going on inside him. Your relationship is built on a long history of knowing each other, a history that begins even before birth. Because this relationship is grounded in love and trust and many small interactions, it can tolerate mistakes and misunderstandings. No single moment is critically important. What counts is the harmony that is developing between you.
So relax and enjoy your baby. This is a special time in your life, and while it's full of worries and adjustments, it is also full of wonder. You have much to look forward to. Being a mother can enrich every corner of your life. Get ready for a marvelous journey.
When you bring home a new baby, remember you are modeling parenting for your older children. Also, you are bringing up someone else's future husband or wife, father or mother. The parenting styles children learn are the ones they are most likely to follow when they become parents. Here is an example of how modeling affects children: A mother brought her newborn, Erin, and her two-and-a-half-year-old, Tiffany, into my office for checkups. During her examination, Erin began to cry. Tiffany rushed to her mother, pulled at her mother's skirt, and exclaimed, "Mommy, Erin cry; pick up, rock-rock, nurse!" This little child had just described responsive parenting according to her mother's model. When Tiffany becomes a mother and her baby cries, what do you imagine she will do? She won't consult a book or call her doctor. She will intuitively pick up, rock-rock, and nurse.
My husband, Bill, learned along with me all the things we discuss in this book for brand-new mothers. My voice, speaking mother-to-mother, will dominate the book, with Bill's interjected here and there to give his perspective as a father and pediatrician.
This is not a traditional baby-care book. You won't find anything in it about diaper rash, cord care, or how to give a bath. You can get that information from a lot of other sources. Instead, this book is a guide to mothering your baby, and it is as much about the process of becoming a mother as it is about babies. It will help you to get to know your baby better, and we hope that it will also help you understand yourself as you take on this new, motherly role.
We believe that babies have a lot to teach mothers. Listening to your baby and responding to his or her cues will lead you into a parenting style that will help both of you thrive. Biology and infant behavior will help you get started and build your confidence as you and your baby develop a two-way trusting relationship. But this is not an ideal world we live in, and there are forces you'll meet along the way that can make you doubt your mothering intuition. We hope that this book will prepare you for some of those bumps in the road, and will help you meet the challenges and changes ahead.
Mothering and fathering eight children has taught us a lot. We are very different persons from the ones we were before we had children, and most, if not all, of these differences are for the better. Although personal growth is sometimes hard, we've had a lot of fun along the way. Fun in your life with your baby is what will convince you and the baby that life is good. Enjoy your baby!
How you mother your baby does make a difference.
Mothering in the twentieth century has become a tricky business. We can take our babies' survival pretty much for granted, and in this way we differ from all the mothers who have come before us. Instead we worry about whether our babies will grow up to be happy and productive, a more complicated issue.
Nobody yet has scientifically tested and perfected a parenting system that guarantees children will turn out okay. Much of the research focuses on what goes wrong, rather than what goes right, and psychologists from Freud onward have often laid the blame on mothers. This creates a lot of anxiety, as mothers struggle to raise psychologically healthy children. Mothers often feel that the stakes are high on everything they do, and the possibility of making serious mistakes makes the job of parenting seem frightening.
In reaction to Freud, there's another school of thought that suggests that mothers aren't all that critical to their children's psyches. Children need dependable caregivers, yes, but these are more or less interchangeable, and group care not only is satisfactory, it also makes children independent at an earlier age. Babies do prefer their parents, but they really don't need all that one-on-one attention that goes along with traditional mothering. It's interesting that these theories have evolved at a time when more and more mothers of young children are in the workforce.
So where do you fit in? How important are you, a responsive, nurturing, trustworthy mother, to your baby's development? How do you know if you're making a difference?
In the parenting business, science often fails us. It's hard to study behavior that is as complicated as mother-and-infant interactions, much less relate these interactions to how children behave and feel years later. "Experts" speculate, spinning advice out of tiny threads of evidence, but who really knows?
I believe that experienced parents--parents of children who are turning out well---have the answers. Bill and I have talked to thousands of wise and seasoned mothers over the years, and while we don't pretend that this is a scientific sample, we do feel confident about relaying what we've learned from all these families. We believe that how you mother your children makes a difference in the kind of people they become.
The mothering advice that we have given in this book reflects a style that we call attachment parenting. For babies, attachment parenting includes closeness right from birth, responding sensitively to cries, baby wearing, sharing sleep, and breastfeeding. The involvement of the father, both directly with the baby and in support of the mother, is also important. These practices together make up a very nurturing style of baby care, one that yields a wonderful sensitivity between mother and child. The mother understands what the baby is thinking, most of the time, and the baby responds well to the mother's care. Babies who experience attachment parenting rarely need to cry to get their needs met (though they may cry plenty when something hurts or bothers them), because they can communicate in other, more subtle ways. Mothers who nurture in this style feel confident that they are doing the right things for their children, because they feel they can perceive their babies' needs, and because their babies are happiest when they are most responsive. Even high-need babies can be mellowed by this style of parenting into children who are fun to be with.
There are long-range benefits to attachment parenting. As a baby cared for this way turns into a toddler, he is easy to manage. His mother has a pretty good idea of what he is trying to do or say, so the young explorer is less likely to get terribly frustrated. Since he trusts his mother and wants very much to stay in her good graces, a word of warning or some creative redirection from her is often all that's needed to head off problem behavior.
As children of attached parents grow older, the benefits continue. These kids internalize their parents' sensitivity toward them. They have an inner sense of what is right and are bothered when situations violate their values. They know themselves well and can remain true to their own character in the midst of a crowd going in another direction. They are compassionate and understanding with other people. Having learned intimacy from their early closeness with their parents, they go on to establish and maintain healthy relationships with other people. They bring their parents joy and pride.
So, are you important to your baby? Yes, you are. You as his mother know him best and are the person he trusts most and will look to for guidance in the months and years to come. You are his window to the world and his faithful interpreter of what is going on inside him. Your relationship is built on a long history of knowing each other, a history that begins even before birth. Because this relationship is grounded in love and trust and many small interactions, it can tolerate mistakes and misunderstandings. No single moment is critically important. What counts is the harmony that is developing between you.
So relax and enjoy your baby. This is a special time in your life, and while it's full of worries and adjustments, it is also full of wonder. You have much to look forward to. Being a mother can enrich every corner of your life. Get ready for a marvelous journey.
When you bring home a new baby, remember you are modeling parenting for your older children. Also, you are bringing up someone else's future husband or wife, father or mother. The parenting styles children learn are the ones they are most likely to follow when they become parents. Here is an example of how modeling affects children: A mother brought her newborn, Erin, and her two-and-a-half-year-old, Tiffany, into my office for checkups. During her examination, Erin began to cry. Tiffany rushed to her mother, pulled at her mother's skirt, and exclaimed, "Mommy, Erin cry; pick up, rock-rock, nurse!" This little child had just described responsive parenting according to her mother's model. When Tiffany becomes a mother and her baby cries, what do you imagine she will do? She won't consult a book or call her doctor. She will intuitively pick up, rock-rock, and nurse.
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